UCT professor highlights dangers of iron deficiency disorder during pregnancy

Iron deficiency disorder is a silent but widespread health challenge affecting nearly 50% of women in South Africa—and as many as 57% in the Western Cape, particularly among adolescents and young adults. According to Professor Vernon Louw, head of UCT’s Division of Haematology, untreated iron deficiency during pregnancy can have devastating consequences for both mother and baby.

Iron is essential for healthy red blood cells and oxygen delivery throughout the body. During pregnancy, an untreated deficiency can lead to:

• Neurological and cognitive risks for the baby.
• Intrauterine growth issues and preterm births.
• Challenges with breastfeeding and maternal bonding.

Babies born to mothers with iron deficiency are at risk for long-term developmental delays, poor emotional regulation, and behavioural challenges, persisting into adolescence and adulthood.

Professor Louw has launched an international campaign to educate clinicians and the public on the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of iron deficiency—even before anaemia develops. He stresses the need for government-backed awareness initiatives and testing at community healthcare facilities.

“It costs so little to treat iron deficiency, yet the impact is enormous. By addressing this issue, we can save brainpower and give our children a better chance to succeed,” says Louw.